Tracheostomy in patients with SARS-CoV-2 reduces time on mechanical ventilation but not intensive care unit stay.

Cross-sectional study to know if tracheostomy influences the time on mechanical ventilation and reduces the ICU stay in patients with SARS-CoV2. From February 14 to May 31, 2020, 29 patients: 23 men and 6 women, with an average age (SD) of 66.4 years (±6,2) required tracheostomy. The average intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 36 days [31-56.5]. The average days on mechanical ventilation was 28,5 days (±9.7). Mean time to tracheostomy was 15.2 days (±9.5) with an average disconnection time after procedure of 11.3 days (±7.4). The average hospital stay was 55 days [39-79]. A directly proportional relation between the number of days of MV and the number of days from ICU admission until tracheostomy showed a significant value of p = 0.008. For each day of delay in tracheostomy, the days of mechanical ventilation were increased by 0.6 days. There was no relation between days to tracheostomy and days to disconnection (p = 0.092). PaO2 / FiO2 (PAFI) before tracheostomy and Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (SAPS III) at admission presented a statistical relation with mortality, with an OR of 1.683 (95%CI; 0.926-2.351; p = 0.078) and an OR of 1.312 (CI95%: 1.011-1.703; p = 0.034) respectively. The length of stay in the ICU until the tracheostomy was not related to the risk of death (p = 0.682). PEEP and PaO2/FiO2 (PAFI) at admission and before tracheostomy and APACHE II, SAPS III and SOFA at admission did not show influence over time on MV. We conclude that the delay in tracheostomy increase the days on mechanical ventilation but does not influence stay or mortality.

Peritonsillar and deep neck infections: a review of 330 cases.

INTRODUCTION: Deep neck infections are defined as suppurative infectious processes of deep visceral spaces of the neck. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to review different factors that may influence peritonsillar and deep neck infections and may play a role as bad prognosis predictors. METHODS: We present a retrospective study of 330 patients with deep neck infections and peritonsillar infections who were admitted between January 2005 and December 2015 in a tertiary referral hospital. Statistical analysis of comorbidities, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects was performed with Excel and SPSS. RESULTS: There has been an increase in incidence of peritonsilar and deep neck infections. Systemic comorbidities such as diabetes or hepatopathy are bad prognosis factors. The most common pathogen was S. viridans (32.1% of positive cultures). 100% of the patients received antibiotics and corticosteroids, 74.24% needed surgical treatment. The most common complications were mediastinitis (1.2%) and airway obstruction (0.9%). CONCLUSION: Systemic comorbidities are bad prognosis predictors. Nowadays mortality has decreased thanks to multidisciplinary attention and improvements in diagnosis and treatment.

Síndrome del primer mordisco: presentación de 2 casos / First bite syndrome: report of two cases

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Manejo práctico de fugas periprótesis en pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis fonatorias tipo Provox(R)2 tras laringectomía total / Practical management of periprosthetic leakage in patients rehabilitated with a Provox(R) 2 voice prosthesis after total laryngectomy

Introducción y objetivos: La fuga periprótesica de líquidos es una complicación frecuente en pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis fonatorias. Nuestro objetivo es describir y revisar los resultados de procedimientos para el tratamiento de la fuga periprotésica. Materiales y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de 41 pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis fonatorias Provox® 2 entre 1997 y 2015. Descripción de 3 técnicas: colocación de arandela de silicona periprótesis, inyección de ácido hialurónico en la pared traqueal y la combinación de ambas técnicas. Se presenta un método para reducir el diámetro de la fístula fonatoria mediante retirada de la prótesis y colocación de sonda nasogástrica a través de la fistuloplastia. Resultados: En los 3 grupos tratados mediante arandela de silicona (n = 5, 13 procedimientos), inyección de ácido hialurónico (n = 5, 9 procedimientos) y la combinación de ambas técnicas (n = 3, 5 procedimientos), observamos un aumento de la vida útil de las prótesis en una media de 56 días (rango 7 a 118 días), 32 días (rango de 3 a 55 días) y 63 días (rango 28 a 136 días) respectivamente. La reducción del diámetro fistuloplastia se produjo en el 100% (n = 6) de los pacientes tratados. Conclusiones: El uso de arandelas de silicona, inyección de ácido hialurónico en la pared traqueoesofágica y la combinación de ambas técnicas, para el tratamiento de la fuga periprótesis de líquidos aumenta la vida útil de las prótesis. La retirada protésica temporal y la colocación de sonda nasogástrica también se ha mostrado efectiva en nuestra experiencia. Estas técnicas son sencillas, económicas y reproducibles y reducen el gasto sanitario (AU)

Introduction and objectives: Periprosthetic leakage of liquids is a common complication in patients rehabilitated with voice prostheses. Our objective was to describe and review the results of procedures for treating periprosthetic leakage. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 41 patients rehabilitated with Provox® 2 voice prostheses between 1997 and 2015. We describe 3 techniques: periprosthetic silicon collar placement, injection of hyaluronic acid into the tracheoesophageal wall and the combination of the 2 techniques. We present a method to reduce the diameter of the tracheoesophageal fistula by removing the voice prosthesis and placing a nasogastric tube through the fistula. Results: In the 3 groups treated with silicone collar (n = 5, 13 procedures), hyaluronic acid injection (n = 5, 9 procedures) and the combination of both techniques (n = 3, 5 procedures), we observed an increase in prosthesis lifespan of an average of 56 days (range 7-118 days), 32 days (range 3-55 days) and 63 days (range 28-136 days), respectively. The tracheoesophageal fistula diameter reduction was performed in 100% (n = 6) of patients. Conclusions: The use of silicone collars, injection of hyaluronic acid into the tracheoesophageal wall and the combination of both techniques for the treatment of periprosthesis leakage increase the lifespan of the prosthesis. Temporary prosthesis removal and placement of nasogastric tube has also been shown effective in our experience. These techniques are simple, inexpensive and reproducible, thereby reducing healthcare costs (AU)

Practical management of periprosthetic leakage in patients rehabilitated with a Provox® 2 voice prosthesis after total laryngectomy. / Manejo práctico de fugas periprótesis en pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis fonatorias tipo Provox®2 tras laringectomía total.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Periprosthetic leakage of liquids is a common complication in patients rehabilitated with voice prostheses. Our objective was to describe and review the results of procedures for treating periprosthetic leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 41 patients rehabilitated with Provox® 2 voice prostheses between 1997 and 2015. We describe 3 techniques: periprosthetic silicon collar placement, injection of hyaluronic acid into the tracheoesophageal wall and the combination of the 2 techniques. We present a method to reduce the diameter of the tracheoesophageal fistula by removing the voice prosthesis and placing a nasogastric tube through the fistula. RESULTS: In the 3 groups treated with silicone collar (n=5, 13 procedures), hyaluronic acid injection (n=5, 9 procedures) and the combination of both techniques (n=3, 5 procedures), we observed an increase in prosthesis lifespan of an average of 56 days (range 7-118 days), 32 days (range 3-55 days) and 63 days (range 28-136 days), respectively. The tracheoesophageal fistula diameter reduction was performed in 100% (n=6) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The use of silicone collars, injection of hyaluronic acid into the tracheoesophageal wall and the combination of both techniques for the treatment of periprosthesis leakage increase the lifespan of the prosthesis. Temporary prosthesis removal and placement of nasogastric tube has also been shown effective in our experience. These techniques are simple, inexpensive and reproducible, thereby reducing healthcare costs.